The possibility of osteoporosis and avascular necrosis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of literature

Authors

  • Nataliya Prytula Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • Inga Fedotova Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2069-7020
  • Maksym Golbaum Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15674/0030-598720221-2118-122

Keywords:

COVID-19, osteoporosis, avascular osteonecrosis, corticosteroids, long-term consequences

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) coronavirus pandemic has prompted scientific research. Hypotheses regarding its pathogenetic
mechanisms and treatment are formulated, unwanted consequences of the infection are determined. Objective. To provide
useful information for clinicians about possible complications from the musculoskeletal system after COVID-19 for the
timely application of effective methods of their prevention. Materials: Electronic databases PMC, PubMed and Scopus were
used to search for the sources of information published from December 2019 to December 2021. The full text of the articles
was reviewed to confirm their relevance to the stated purpose of the review. Results. Patients after a severe course of SARSCoV-
2 have a high risk of complications such as osteoporosis and avascular osteonecrosis due to a number of reasons. It is
noted that hypocalcemia is considered as an indicator of the severity and progression of the course of COVID-19. Vitamin D
deficiency increases the risk of contracting COVID-19 and is associated with increased severity and mortality from the infection.
Decreased proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts can provoke elevated levels of cytokines under cytokine storm
conditions. Hypoxia caused by SARS-CoV-2 is an important factor in increasing the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts
and, accordingly, increasing osteoresorption. The relationship between the development of avascular osteonecrosis and longterm use of high doses of corticosteroids in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome has been established. Conclusions. Research of musculoskeletal complications after COVID-19 is ongoing for correct forecasting and effective prevention. The use of corticosteroids in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 should be considered. It is necessary to pay attention to the diagnosis of osteoporosis, since there are many risk factors for increased bone fragility in hospitalized patients. Patients suffering from the effects of COVID-19 will need a comprehensive recovery and rehabilitation treatment plan

Author Biographies

Nataliya Prytula, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

MD

Inga Fedotova, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

DMSci

Maksym Golbaum, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

MD

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How to Cite

Prytula, N. ., Fedotova, I. ., & Golbaum, M. . (2023). The possibility of osteoporosis and avascular necrosis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of literature. ORTHOPAEDICS TRAUMATOLOGY and PROSTHETICS, (1-2), 118–122. https://doi.org/10.15674/0030-598720221-2118-122

Issue

No. 1-2 (2022)

Section

DIGESTS AND REVIEWS

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