Mathematical modeling of knee arthroplasty with filling of a bone defect with implants from various materials

Authors

  • Oleksiy Tankut Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • Volodymyr Filipenko Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-2726
  • Volodymyr Mezentsev Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • Zorik Arutunan Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • Mykola Tоhtamyshev Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education. Ukraine, Ukraine
  • Michael Karpinsky Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-2610
  • Oleksandr Yaresko Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2037-5964

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15674/0030-59872020166-77

Keywords:

endoprosthetics, finite element method, bone grafting

Abstract

Defects in the proximal tibia significantly complicate the process of implanting an artificial knee joint.

Objective: due to mathematical modeling to determine the optimal combination of implant stem and material, depending on the size of the tibia defect at joint replacement.

Methods: using the finite element method, the stresses in the lower limb models with knee implant were studied. Reproduced the defect tibia size 25, 50 and 75 % of the area of the supporting surface of the endoprosthesis. For each case, an implant without stem, with short or long one was modeled. We studied options for filling defects with bone chips, bone cement and porous tantalum.

Results: the presence of defect of 25 % leads to an increase in stresses on its face under the elements of implant, which decrease with increasing length of its stem. When filling the defect with bone chips, the stresses in the bone tissue decrease, in addition — with an increase in the length of the endoprosthesis stem. When using bone cement, the stress level in the model is reduced more effectively compared to bone chips, regardless of the length of the stem of the implant. The zone of maximum loads is shifted to the stiffener of the endoprosthesis in the region of the defect 50 %. When filling it with cement, the combination with a long-stem implant seemed most effective. Large defects (75 %) do not cause significant stress in the bone tissue, but their level increases at grafting with bone chips. You can reduce it by using an endoprosthesis with a long stem and bone cement instead of chips.

Conclusions: at 25 % tibia defect the most biomechanically effective is the using of implant with long or short stem and bone cement, at 50 % defect — a combination of a long stem of implant with filling the defect with bone cement or a short or long stem with a tantalum implant; at 75 % defect — grafting of defect with tantalum augments in combination with long stem.

Author Biographies

Oleksiy Tankut, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

PhD in Traumatology and Orthopаedics

Volodymyr Filipenko, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

MD, Prof. in Traumatology and Orthopаedics

Volodymyr Mezentsev, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

PhD in Traumatology and Orthopаedics

Zorik Arutunan, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv

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How to Cite

Tankut, O., Filipenko, V., Mezentsev, V., Arutunan, Z., Tоhtamyshev M., Karpinsky, M., & Yaresko, O. (2024). Mathematical modeling of knee arthroplasty with filling of a bone defect with implants from various materials. ORTHOPAEDICS TRAUMATOLOGY and PROSTHETICS, (1), 66–77. https://doi.org/10.15674/0030-59872020166-77

Issue

No. 1 (2020)

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

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Copyright (c) 2020 Oleksiy Tankut, Volodymyr Filipenko, Volodymyr Mezentsev, Zorik Arutunan, Mykola Tоhtamyshev, Michael Karpinsky, Oleksandr Yaresko

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