Intervertebral disc: regeneration, herniation formation stages and molecular profile (literature review)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15674/0030-59872017499-106

Keywords:

intervertebral disc, disk herniation, risk factors, proinflammatory cytokines, biologically active substances

Abstract

Forty sources of scientific literature have been analyzed and information on risk factors, the stage of formation of interver­tebral disc herniation, inflammatory cytokines and expression of growth factors are systematized. It is noted that the pain in the lower back is the main reason for the deterioration of patient quality of life and disability. Analysis of the fac­tors of development of intervertebral disc is a relevant task, aimed at preventing the disease. The formation of a hernia is a complex process that runs along the background of viola­tions of the organization of the main structural components of the intervertebral disc (nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrou­sus, end plates) in conditions of increased stresses, depending on human way of life, genetic heteromorphism of the main mac­romolecules (collagen and proteoglycans), metabolic disorders indicators on the background of low oxidation of disks, etc. However, there is an alternative view that the formation of her­nia does not always precede the degeneration of the annulus fibrousus. Each stage in the formation of a hernia (protrusion, prolapse, extrusion and sequestration) has characteristic his­tological signs due to a violation of the structural organiza­tion of the nucleus and its migration, depending on the ability of the annulus fibrousus and end plates. The nucleus pulpo­sus involved in the inflammatory reaction, producing proin­flammatory cytokines and growth factors. The precondition for the degeneration of intervertebral disc with different struc­tural properties may be the polymorphism of genes encoding collagen t ypes I , I I, I X a nd X , a graman, n on-codon p rotein CILP, proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1 and 6), matrix metalloproteinase-3. Polymorphism of the genes of the recep­tors of vitamin D, as well as its role in the development of de­generative disorders in the intervertebral disc are actively researched. The molecular profile of intervertebral disc her­niationis a correlation between proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors and other molecules that are expressed by cells, affecting the nerve roots and accompanied by pain syndrome.

Author Biographies

Volodymyr Radchenko

Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv 

MD, Prof. in Orthopaedics and Traumatology 

volod56@ukr.net

 

Valentyn Piontkovsky

CHI «Rivne Regional Clinical Hospital». Ukraine 

PhD in Orthopaedics and Traumatology 

pion_val@ukr.net

Sergey Kosterin

Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv 

PhD in Orthopaedics and Traumatology 

ortop.kosterin@gmail.com

Ninel Dedukh

Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv 

Dr. Biol. Sci., Prof. 

dedukh_ninel@ukr.net

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How to Cite

Radchenko, V., Piontkovsky, V., Kosterin, S., & Dedukh, N. (2018). Intervertebral disc: regeneration, herniation formation stages and molecular profile (literature review). ORTHOPAEDICS TRAUMATOLOGY and PROSTHETICS, (4), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.15674/0030-59872017499-106

Issue

No. 4 (2017)

Section

DIGESTS AND REVIEWS

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Copyright (c) 2018 Volodymyr Radchenko, Valentyn Piontkovsky, Sergey Kosterin, Ninel Dedukh

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